This paper examines empirically whether midwifes, as an integral part of the health and family planning programs in …

the mother's health and health-related behaviours and exposures are systematically positively associated with the … fertility on parental investments and on women's labour supply that use twin births to instrument fertility will tend to be …

Twin births are often used to instrument fertility to address (negative) selection of women into fertility. However …, twin-IV estimates will tend to be upward biased. This is pertinent given the emerging consensus that fertility has limited …

instrument fertility will under-estimate impacts of fertility on parental investments and women's labour supply. This is …

's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive effects on children's health and human …

's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive effects on children's health and human …

's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive e.ects on children's health and human …

's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive effects on children's health and human …

's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive effects on children's health and human …

outcomes. We ask whether birth order differences in health are present at birth using matched administrative data for more than … educational performance. Once we control for health at birth, the negative birth order effect in educational performance further …