The gender wage gap increased significantly in Egypt over the last two decades, while female labor force participation rates have steadily declined. This study investigates the relationship between women's labor market outcomes in the manufacturing sector, the degree of industry concentration,...

The gender wage gap increased significantly in Egypt over the last two decades, while female labor force participation rates have steadily declined. This study investigates the relationship between women's labor market outcomes in the manufacturing sector, the degree of industry concentration,...

Youths in the Middle East and North Africa face the highest unemployment rates in the world. Those who are employed are pushed to accept informal sector jobs that are insecure, unsafe, and lack non-wage benefits. Precarious employment is pervasive among lower socioeconomic groups, leading to the...

This paper explores wage adjustments in the Moroccan and Egyptian manufacturing sectors over recent periods of rapid trade openness and export promotion. By utilising successive rounds of labour survey data merged with trade variables that capture export orientation, import penetration and...

Inflation has been rising in Egypt over the last decade once again reaching double digit levels, and this has been a top concern for large segments of society. Furthermore, inflation in this period hit the rural areas harder, which is unusual for the Egyptian economy. Rising food prices were a...