extreme for a wide range of costs of formal enforcement. We also show that religion can enhance the complementarity between … community and formal enforcement, while corruption undermines it. We discuss how community can play an important role in a …

variable examined was religion. Overall, nearly 70 percent believed that accepting a bribe could never be justified. Attitudes … toward bribery were ranked on the basis of religion. The Jewish respondents were least opposed to accepting a bribe, while … the Muslim respondents were most opposed. Religion was a significant demographic variable. Overall, women were slightly …

The literature on the effect of religion and religiosity on corruption has failed to distinguish between direct effect … Protestant nonhierarchical religion has significant positive associations with corruption scores (i.e., lower corruption levels … have significant negative associations with corruption scores (i.e., higher corruption levels) while the Christianity …

This first cross-country analysis of the causes of corruption in religious organizations provides evidence in support …. Their appointment and promotion should, however, be regulated by the state. Both factors are shown to confine corruption. In … contrast, David Hume’s approach of supporting state religion and limiting entry into the religious market is not a promising …

speed. In the 20th century, religion played a much lesser role in daily life and income and productivity grew at high and …