Investment in brands drives the allocation of resources in our economy. It increases competition, pushes firms to innovate, and decreases asymmetries in the market leading to a higher level of economic development. Investment in brands and intangibles has seen an increase in the last fifteen...

Great power politics in the Arctic are intensifying. The US, Russia and China are all strengthening their presence in the region. With the Arctic strategy of the Kingdom of Denmark presently in the process of being updated, this report analyses the assessments and strategies of Finland, Norway...

Die im Zuge der Einführung des Euro beschlossenen Obergrenzen für die staatliche Neuverschuldung und den Schuldenstand - die sogenannten Maastricht-Kriterien - sind für die Stabilität der Gemeinschaftswährung wie die Konsolidierung der nationalen Haushalte von zentraler Bedeutung. Da sie...

Wenn andere Staaten noch schlechter als Deutschland dastehen, mindert das nicht im Geringsten den Handlungsdruck in Deutschland: Ohne konsequente Beachtung der Schuldenbremse und ohne überfällige Strukturreformen werden nach den Ergebnissen der Generationenbilanz auch wir Deutsche zu Griechen...

It is known that cities are the engines of growth of the modern economy and society. Herewith we highlight the national and regional characteristics of urbanization as a global process. Somewhere the urbanization is stimulated, in China for example, somewhere it is limited, as we see in Russia....

The Netherlands and the Nordic countries are faced with a rapid decline in the use of cash. Sooner or later, they will be confronted with the question whether cash remains necessary as well-functioning means of payment for POS transactions. This paper focuses on how this issue is addressed in...

Empirical evidence about income convergence among regions and countries is inconclusive and it is necessary to clarify the economic and institutional conditions for convergence. We investigate movements in the income distribution among regions in an integrated market with high mobility of labor,...