labor downsizing on firms' technical efficiency, financial performance, and employee wages. Since downsizers and non … is more favorable to owners in private firms, and labor in SOEs. For severe downsizing, SOEs and private firms exhibit … SOEs face slightly more severe labor constraints than private firms, and that private firms emphasize profit goals while …

, business as usual will not do. The share of wages to GDP has been declining since the late 1970s, deregulation of labor markets … inflation and declining real wages - governments must engage in a transformative agenda and go beyond emergency energy vouchers … the deterioration of living standards, a guarantee of minimum wages adequate to secure a decent living standard should be …

1950s/early 1960s greatly expanded the research on education and income and shifted the focus to wages. The human capital … estimating the returns to education and experience. Recent analyses of education and wages have built on this foundation and have …

This paper seeks to document and analyse changes in the distribution of wages and employment in the transition … countries since the collapse of communism. Most countries experienced an increase in wage inequality during the initial shock of … the transition. Proximate causes of this increase seem to be sectoral shifts in employment and increasing inter …

This paper seeks to document and analyse changes in the distribution of wages and employment in the transition … countries since the collapse of communism. Most countries experienced an increase in wage inequality during the initial shock of … the transition. Proximate causes of this increase seem to be sectoral shifts in employment and increasing inter …

, general welfare and labor markets in Pakistan. …