The relative incomes and education-levels of Black and white populations in the United States and Brazil are considered …, the effects of demography, education, and regional migration on the Black-white income gap are disentangled using census … relative earnings. Education, measured by literacy or years of schooling, was the major reason behind reductions in income gaps …

The dominant role played by the state in the financing, regulation, and provision of primary and secondary education … reflects the widely-held belief that education is necessary for personal and societal well-being. The economic organization of … education depends on political as well as market mechanisms to resolve issues that arise because of contrasting views on such …

account current inequalities in education across the country and the impact of school interruptions on the accumulation of …

the form of in-kind collective expenditure (e.g., education, defense, infrastructure). The dominant assumption in the …, we find that public education spending goes disproportionately to the bottom half of the income distribution. A lump …-sum allocation provides a good approximation. Moving beyond the cross-section, we find that public education expenditure is …

Should education be subsidized for the purpose ofredistribution? The usual argument against subsidies to education … abovethe primary level is that the rich take up most education, soa subsidy would increase inequality. We show that there is … forredistribution, the general equilibrium effects on relative wagesmight make a subsidy to education an ingredient of a second …