"Polarisation" wird im Allgemeinen als ein Hervortreten von Gegensätzen verstanden. Bezogen auf Einkommen sind die Begriffe "Unter-, Mittel- und Oberschicht" gemeint. Bildet sich die Mittelschicht zurück, so besteht die resultierende Gesellschaft lediglich aus einer unteren bzw. einer oberen...

This study analyzes the extent of downward bias in the calculation of inequality of opportunity for continuous outcomes such as income. A typically recognized source of bias is the unobserved circumstances as there is a limited set of variables available in household and labor force surveys....

We examine the performance of asymptotic inference as well as bootstrap tests for the Alphabeta and Kobus-Miłoś family of inequality indices for ordered response data. We use Monte Carlo experiments to compare the empirical size and statistical power of asymptotic inference and the Studentized...

This study analyzes the extent of downward bias in the calculation of inequality of opportunity for continuous outcomes such as income. A typically recognized source of bias is the unobserved circumstances as there is a limited set of variables available in household and labor force surveys....