districts and provinces in Vietnam. Households in the mountains and highlands consumed remarkably less electricity than those in … the delta and coastal areas. Notably, we find a U-shaped relationship between the inequality of electricity consumption … and economic levels in Vietnam. In poor districts and provinces, there is very high inequality in electricity consumption …

-renewable energy consumption, per capita income on poverty reduction in BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) countries … inequality and per capita non-renewable energy consumption increases poverty, an increase in growth and per capita renewable … energy consumption decreases poverty. Based on the findings, policymakers should focus their efforts on developing an …