This chapter discusses the large literature and numerous issues regarding education-related differences in income in …. Following the 1940 Decennial Census, which collected information on educational attainment and on earned income and time worked … 1950s/early 1960s greatly expanded the research on education and income and shifted the focus to wages. The human capital …

higher among foreign-born workers, reflecting weaker labor market attachment and high risk of large negative shocks for low-income … generosity and usage of benefit programs declined over time, we find stronger earnings growth among low-income workers …

among foreign‐born workers, reflecting weaker labor market attachment and high risk of large negative shocks for low‐income … the generosity and usage of benefit programs declined over time, we find stronger earnings growth among low‐income workers …