The availability of child-care services has often been advocated as one of the instruments to counter the fertility … increased the supply of child-care services. In this paper we examine if immigration has actually affected fertility exploiting … by immigrant women has positively affected native fertility. …

discrimination, more asylum centres close to areas of conflict, and more attention to education and training in areas where refugees … large-scale waves of refugees wanting to enter the EU, resulting from conflicts, natural catastrophes, and other sudden or … refugees. …

and policy makers as well as to students working on irregular migration in Europe in a comparative and/or country based …

of refugees. …