This paper reviews the changes in the supply of electricity and gas from the perpective of households, utility operators, and the government. The objective is to highlight lessons from the reforms implemented and to apply them to the future reform program planned for the rest of the energy...

To many observers, the relationship between Georgia and the Russian Federation is one that has long been fraught with tension, mistrust and lack of common ground. Following the brief war in August 2008 between the two countries over the break-away region of South Ossetia and the ensuing...

Over the past two decades, the leveraging of private-sector expertise and commercial capital has helped turn around Georgia's power sector from near-complete operational and financial collapse to a sector that provides secure, affordable, and reliable electricity services to Georgian customers....

Over the past two decades, the leveraging of private-sector expertise and commercial capital has helped turn around Georgia's power sector from near-complete operational and financial collapse to a sector that provides secure, affordable, and reliable electricity services to Georgian customers....

During the Covid-19 pandemic, the governments of many countries adopted measures to support the population during the lockdowns and periods of reduced economic activity. In the Republic of Georgia, in April 2020 the government announced that it would pay the electricity bills of residential...

Intro -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- Foreword -- Abstract -- Preface -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- 1. Introduction -- Data and Research Design -- 2. Energy Sector Reform Context -- The Economy and Household Welfare -- Access to Network Energy -- Power Sector Reform -- Energy...

We use a field experiment on energy billing in a German region to evaluate the effect of two behavioral nudges (consumption feedback and social comparison) on electricity consumption. Similar experiments have revealed significant treatment effects, yet the individual variance has proven...