In January 2009 Germany introduced incentive regulation for the electricity distribution sector based on results obtained from econometric and nonparametric benchmarking analysis. One main problem for the regulator in assigning the relative efficiency scores are unobserved firm-specific factors...

For some commodities, the strong increase in demand over the last decade will have major impact on their future availability. Thus, the importance of assessing a commodity's criticality by means of criticality indicators continuously increases. In the literature, numerous indicators for...

This paper employs meta-analysis to aggregate and systematically analyze the mixed empirical evidence on the determinants of corporate hedging reported in 132 previously published studies covering data from more than 73,000 firms. Among the fourteen proxy variables analyzed by multivariate...