Currencies play an important role in facilitating trade and economic growth. Shifts in currency values may lead to economic dislocations hindering trade and growth. Most currencies are issued by government central banks. These central banks hold assets in the form of government debt and gold...

The electricity sector is a typical network industry consisting of four closely linked vertical stages. Following liberalisation in Europe in the 1990s, the sector witnessed a surge of mergers, which were subject to review by the European Commission. At the same time, comprehensive economic...

The main goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of restrictive measures introduced in connection with COVID-19 on consumption and, accordingly, on electricity generation in Russian cities, which were most susceptible to outbreaks of the coronavirus infection (Moscow, St. Petersburg,...

Emission trading has become recently more and more import in environmental regulation. In the context of controlling greenhouse gas emissions, the directive on a Europewide trading scheme for large immobile sources may be perceived as one of the most important milestones in recent years. Prior...

The efficiency of electricity generation in hard coal fired power plants varies considerably from country to country and over time. These differences occur both between developing and developed countries and between industrialised nations. The econometric analysis presented in this paper tests...

This paper sheds some light about privatisation in utilities. An empirical analysis based on sales in the electricity sector in 38 countries for the period 1977-97 shows that regulation is a crucial institutional variable in privatisation. Not only does it allow governments to increase the pace...

Aktuelle Daten zu den weltweiten Nettostromimporten zeigen, dass in den vergangenen Jahren eine gewisse Dynamik in den Entwicklungen der Nettostromimporte in Europa entstanden ist. So hat Deutschland im Jahr 2008 netto Strom exportiert, während sich für die 1990er sowie die frühen 2000er...

Ein hoher Strombedarf ist ein wesentliches Merkmal entwickelter Volkswirtschaften. Die großen Vorteile der elektrischen Energie müssen aber teuer erkauft werden. Neben dem hohen Kapitalaufwand zur Erstellung der Infrastruktur geraten die mit der Stromerzeugung verbundenen...

This policy brief presents a long term assessment of low-carbon energies including renewables, nuclear and fossil energy with CCS. It targets the electricity sector from a global to a regional perspective and from centralized to decentralized energy systems. The policy brief aims at finding...