As Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a new technology, there had been no legal framework regulating CCS projects or addressing its potential risks on either an international or a European or national level. Accordingly, significant changes at all governance levels have taken place within the...

Electricity Decentralization in the European Union: Towards Zero Carbon and Energy Transition, Second Edition, examines progress in decentralization across the European Union (EU), with each chapter focusing on developments and innovations in a specific country. Sections provide an overview of...

If environmental footprint attributable to various consumption patterns are evaluated, monetary transactions in the environmentally-extended input-output analysis need to be linked to household-specific expenditures. However, while the former are recorded in basic prices, the latter is typically...

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) highlights the importance of reaching net-zero CO2 emissions globally by 2050. Unlocking the potential of natural climate solutions in the strive for net-zero emissions is increasingly gaining attention. A large potential may arise from the...

This paper aims to calculate emissions in Ireland by applying a production-based Accounting (PBA) approach and a consumption-based Accounting (CBA) approach. PBA considers emissions in Ireland to be all emissions emitted in the geographic region of Ireland, whereas CBA includes all emissions...

Production-based accounting (PBA) and consumption-based accounting (CBA) of emissions differ in how they consider the emissions resulting from the production of internationally traded commodities. This paper applies both approaches to calculate and compare emissions for Ireland and selected...

There is a widespread consensus among the most important players in developed countries (voters, politicians, producers, traditional and green interest groups and bureaucracies) that a shift towards an eco-social market economy is essential for sustainable growth. Nevertheless, market-based...

A number of decisions need to be made when setting up a nutrient trading system including defining a target, allocating allowances and setting up a monitoring system. To ensure that the nutrient trading system implemented operates in harmony with existing regulation, existing work and...

This paper explores how to enhance the role for academic research (natural sciences, economics and their integration; and stakeholder management) within the development and implementation of water quality policy in New Zealand. Our focus is on the use of market based instruments and particularly...

A nutrient trading system is one mechanism that is currently being considered to control and reduce nutrient loss into Lake Rotorua. However this may not be the best mechanism for controlling nutrient loss from all sources. A more comprehensive system improves efficiency and decreases market...