approach that exploits regional variation in unemployment and compares babies born to the same parents so as to deal with …-percentage-point increase in the unemployment rate during pregnancy reduces the probability of having a birth weight less than 1,500 grams or of … cannot be attributed to the parents' own employment status. The results suggest pathways through stress and air pollution. …

Unemployment and underemployment have adverse mental and physical health consequences, such as increased stress and … chronic disease risk. In this adverse economic climate, it is vital to understand the health implications of unemployment and … employed full-time reported the least damaging psychological factors and health behaviors: lowest levels of stress and …