Development economists generally concur that the implications of economic reform for employment are influenced by an … shaped the impact of unanticipated economic reforms on employment in formal manufacturing firms in India in the 1990s, using … average and ceteris paribus in the 1990-1997 period, declines in input tariffs were associated with increased employment in …

expansion of employment. The paper contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it attempts to provide a comprehensive …

employment, wages, and productivity. Evidence generally shows these forces to be offsetting, usually resulting in small … employment and earnings effects and sometimes in large, positive effects on productivity and scale. Foreign ownership usually has …