analyze the impact of supplementary jobs on the chances of welfare exit. Dynamic multinomial logit models controlling for …

Since the labor market reforms around 2005, known as the Hartz reforms, Germany has experienced declining unemployment … unemployment rate. Also unemployed persons who exogenously lost their jobs are affected by the reforms. In line with the structure …

Many countries suffer from persistently high unemployment rates. The scope for labour market reforms is often limited …

producing employment growth and in reducing unemployment than most continental-European OECD-countries. It is argued that the …

This paper investigates the dynamic relationship between self-employment and unemployment rates. On the one hand, high … unemployment rates may lead to start-up activity of self-employed individuals (the “refugee” effect). On the other hand, higher … rates of self-employment may indicate increased entrepreneurial activity reducing unemployment in subsequent periods (the …