Does employers' association (EA) membership affect wages? Such effects, positive or negative, could follow from …

Does employers' association (EA) membership affect the wages paid by firms? Such effects could follow from several …, including worker fixed effects, EA firms pay significantly higher wages. However, when controlling for firm fixed effects, these …

wages to prevent them to quit. Similarly, workers with a high layoff probability give up some of their wage to prevent them … may be related to downward wage rigidity. While it is easy to renegotiate higher wages to prevent quits, it is much more … difficult to renegotiate lower wages to prevent layoffs even if that would overall be beneficial to the workers involved …

wages to prevent them to quit. Similarly, workers with a high layoff probability give up some of their wage to prevent them … may be related to downward wage rigidity. While it is easy to renegotiate higher wages to prevent quits, it is much more … difficult to renegotiate lower wages to prevent layoffs even if that would overall be beneficial to the workers involved …

Income inequality has been lower in periods when trade unionism has been strong. Using observations on wages by … wage differentials are revealed. As wages increased, some contracts maintained relative wage differentials constant, some … maintained absolute differences in wages constant, others combined these two patterns, and some did not reveal an obvious pattern …

Income inequality has been lower in periods when trade unionism has been strong. Using observations on wages by … wage differentials are revealed. As wages increased, some contracts maintained relative wage differentials constant, some … maintained absolute differences in wages constant, others combined these two patterns, and some did not reveal an obvious pattern …