We estimate time-varying income and price elasticities for energy demand for a 26- country, middle-income (primarily non-OECD) balanced panel that spans 1996-2014. To do so, we employ a recently developed nonparametric local linear dummy estimation method that estimates the trend and coefficient...

Obtaining reliable cross-country estimates of the income and price elasticity of energy demand requires a panel data model that can simultaneously account for endogeneity, heterogeneity, nonstationarity and cross-sectional dependence. We propose such an integrated framework and apply it to a...