This article is an analysis of relevant Intergovernmental and Host Government Agreements on oil and gas transit pipelines in several parts of the world. The following questions serve as the basis for the analysis: 1. To what extent can common principles and regional specificities be derived from...

The Russian attack on Ukraine in February 2022 shook continental geopolitics and led to a major shift in EU energy policy. The necessary speed of the combined diversification away from the Russian energy sources, fossil fuel phase-out and mass scale-up of low-carbon energy and technologies are...