and abundance of hydrocarbon reserves. These hydrocarbon reserves are located mainly in three countries: Kazakhstan … of Beijing. The Western countries has gained influence particularly in Kazakhstan, but they have no political leverage in … industry of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The working paper is structured into four different sections. In the first …

and abundance of hydrocarbon reserves. These hydrocarbon reserves are located mainly in three countries: Kazakhstan … of Beijing. The Western countries has gained influence particularly in Kazakhstan, but they have no political leverage in … industry of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The working paper is structured into four different sections. In the first …

nationalization policies in Kazakhstan's oil and gas industry in the post-Soviet period. Although the full nationalization of the … projects. We further explore the role of KazMunaiGas NOC in Kazakhstan's hydrocarbon sector. At the beginning of the 2000s …, Kazakhstan consolidated its dispersed state-owned enterprises in the energy sector to create KazMunaiGas. Since then, Kazakhstan …