We propose a stochastic model for the maximal production of photovoltaic (PV) power on a daily basis based on data from three transmission system operators in Germany. We apply the sun intensity as a seasonal function and model the deseasonalized data by an autoregressive process with skewed...

EU Member States increase deployment of intermittent renewable energy sources to deliver the 20% renewable target formulated in the European Renewables Directive of 2008. To incorporate these intermittent sources, a power market needs to be flexible enough to accommodate short-term forecasts and...

Control power (regulating power, balancing power) is used to quickly restore the supply-demand balance in power systems. Variable renewable energy sources (VRE) such as wind and solar power are often thought to increase the reserve requirement significantly. This paper provides a comprehensive...