The paper first outlines the challenges the global energy system is facing. It then summarises the present knowledge of energy efficient solutions in all energy using sectors from primary energy to useful energy and, more importantly, from useful energy to energy services (material efficiency...

China's iron and steel industry has developed rapidly over the past two decades. The annual crude steel production is nearly half of the global production, and approximately 90% of the steel is produced via BF-BOF route that is energy-intensive. Based on the practice of integrated steelmaking...

In this paper a microcomputer software package is implemented to help the decision maker (DM) to obtain the best energy conservation policy in the melting phase of glass production. A multiple objective linear programming formulation for the melting phase is developed that demonstrates how...