Mining activities are energy-intensive and rely largely on fossil fuels to meet their energy demands. This exposes the mining sector to potential policy and regulatory risks, stemming from government efforts to shift the global economy to a low-emission development pathway, as envisaged by the...

There is a risk that if a government adopts a R&D spending policy directed towards wind power technology crowding out of other technologies might occur due to fiscal constraints and changes in relative prices. The purpose of this paper is to provide a backward-looking analysis of how the...

Representing green industries capable of resolving environmental problems, economic growth and job creation, renewable energy industries grew considerably, especially in Europe from the beginning of the New Millennium. Faced with a dwindling global market caused by the 2008 global financial...