We compare, based on German data, the income of self-employed individuals with and without employees with the income of dependently employed individuals. Our results show that self-employed with employees tend to earn significantly higher incomes than their salaried counterparts, while with the...

As global migration numbers have continued to increase over the last thirty years, so have the number of self-employed immigrants. Faced with the task of integrating into the destination country’s labor market, millions of immigrants turn to self-employment. Nonetheless, it still remains...

We assess the relevance of formal education on the productivity of the self-employed and distinguish between opportunity entrepreneurs, who voluntarily pursue a business opportunity, and necessity entrepreneurs, who lack alternative employment options. We expect differences in the returns to...

Frauen, die sich ernsthaft mit der Frage der beruflichen Selbstständigkeit beschäftigen, sei es als Vollzeittätigkeit oder als Klein- oder Nebenerwerbsgründung, ist die Lektüre dieses Ratgebers zu empfehlen. Die Autorin (Dipl.-Volkswirtin) liefert gründliche und fundierte Informationen,...