The profit non-distribution constraint (NDC) is the basic requirement for non-profit tax privileges all over the world. In donative non-profits it is justified by the need to prevent donors' exploitation by firm owners. Donative non-profits, however, are not the only type of third-sector...

Background: The analysis of entrepreneurial behaviour in incubated technology-based companies can help managers to understand their characteristics and how these aspects can be maximized to increase the performance of the companies. Objectives: This study proposes to measure the entrepreneurial...

How large is entrepreneurs' personal importance to startups? We use the death of nearly 1,500 entrepreneurs as a source of variation, and find large and sustained negative effects on growth and profitability. For small startups, the effects go mainly via firm survival, while for larger startups...

This study investigates the effect of entrepreneurial orientation of firms on their performance considering the moderating role of organization structure in firms of the Kaveh industrial city. The executive managers of these firms (approximately 250 people) have formed the statistical society of...

Differences in financing patterns and financial characteristics between female- and male-owned firms are often attributed to imperfections in credit markets. However, these differences could arise for many reasons, such as differences in the characteristics and preferences of owners and firms....