Introduction and Overview -- Evolution of African Trade During 1948 -- Inhibitions to Growth and Transformation of African Trade -- Structural Transformation of African Trade: A Primer -- Conclusions and Recommendations.

Introduction and Overview -- Evolution of African Trade During 1948 - -- Inhibitions to Growth and Transformation of African Trade -- Structural Transformation of African Trade: A Primer -- Conclusions and Recommendations.

This paper studies the relationship between Asia’s economic engagements in Africa and individual African nations’ participation in global value chains (GVC) over the past two decades. We find that while overall exports from Africa to Asia are still highly concentrated in resource-intensive...

Adoption of NEP in 1990-91 was designed primarily to replace slowly growing closed Indian economy by rapidly growing open economy. The study determines the degree of openness of Indian economy and the profile of time path traversed towards this goal under NEP. The opening up of the closed...