Blockchains are the distributed, decentralised ledger technology underlying Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. We apply Oliver Williamson's transactions cost analysis to the blockchain consensus mechanism. Blockchains reduce the costs of opportunism but are not “trustless”. We show that...

"A history of industry and technology, this book analyzes five workplace disasters in the southwestern United States during the half century after World War II. These disasters occurred in growing industries such as petrochemical production, commercial aviation, health care, and tourism. The...