The OECD-DAC Survey on forward spending plans is the only regular process that brings together most bilateral and multilateral aid spending plans up to 3 years ahead at the global level. The Survey traces country programmable aid (CPA), a core subset of gross bilateral overseas development aid...

In this paper I discuss the effectiveness of foreign aid from a historical perspective. I show that foreign aid is a relatively new concept in economics, and I emphasize the role of exchange rate policies in the foreign aid controversies of the 1970s through 1990s. I show that in the early 1980s...