2018, the mining of metals and coal continued to be an important contributor to the economies of several low- and middle …-income countries. As in our previous calculations of the Mining Contribution Index, African countries in particular benefit from this … reserves of metals and minerals necessary for the low-carbon future, and in particular those with an existing mining industry …

contribution of non-fuel minerals mining to low- and middle-income economies. Using the detailed data available for the minerals … sector, an analysis is carried out of the current situation for 2014, and of trends in mining's contribution to economic … development for the years 1996-2014. The contribution of minerals and mining to gross domestic product and exports reached a …