During the course of the last 100 years, the wealthiest and most powerful nations on the planet have systematically gathered around in small groups of experts, scientific committees and working parties, under the auspices of the League of Nations and the OECD, to decide on the appropriate tax...

Through decades of tax reform and cross-border collaboration, the world's wealthiest countries have adopted domestic tax policy norms that meet their mutually beneficial interests. But these norms have introduced rigorous change and increasingly rigid parameters for tax policy in the world's...

The class and social structure of developing nations has undergone profound transformation in recent decades as each nation has incorporated into an increasingly integrated global production and financial system. National elites have experienced a new fractionation. Emergent...

The class and social structure of developing nations has undergone profound transformation in recent decades as each nation has incorporated into an increasingly integrated global production and financial system. National elites have experienced a new fractionation. Emergent...

Efforts to realize the issue of development-focused Special Drawing Rights (SDR) by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have been on-going for many years. Recently, however, the campaign first gained a new momentum immediately after the Asian financial crises with the new liquidity problems of...

The world economic order created by the internationot;nal economic institutions such as the IMF and World Bank - the Siamese twins born at Bretton Woods - did not benefit the poor countries and there is no prosnot;pect for them to improve their living standards. Before the Bretton Woods era,...

The period of the 1970s experienced a tremendous growth of debt of the less developed countries (LDCs). Between 1970 and 1980, the debt of the LDCs grew fivefold to $580 billion. Much of this growth of debt was accounted for by liberal lending of transnational commercial banks (TNBs). The...

Productivity growth accounting studies generally focus on productivity growth or decline in more developed countries such as the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) members. In this paper, we develop a generalized efficiency index for a much larger set of 57 national...

This paper explores implications of climate change for fiscal policy by assessing the impact of large scale extreme weather events on changes in public budgets. We apply alternative measures for large scale extreme weather events and conclude that the budgetary impact of such events ranges...

The rise of China as an economic and political driver of the global economy is likely to be one of the defining moments of world history. Its dynamism and international expansion are on the verge of creating a critical disruption in the global order that has held sway for over 60 years. As such,...