the likely distribution of gains and losses. The impacts of subsidy reform are transmitted to households through changes … countries. In this paper, we develop an analytical model of a small open economy with a preexisting fossil fuel subsidy and … identify direct and indirect impacts of subsidy reform on real household incomes. Our results, illustrated with data from Viet …

The steep decline in the world oil price in the last quarter of 2014 slashed fuel price subsidies. Several governments … recovery. Other governments took advantage of low world prices to increase taxes and other charges on fuels. However, the … government and consumers to get accustomed to fluctuations in world fuel prices and exchange rates. By contrast, freezing prices …