This paper throws new light on the relationship between income and democracy. Using data for 162 countries over 1960 … support. These findings are robust to, among others, using night-lights instead of GDP, different democracy measures and …

dispensation is young, comprehensive empirical works to this effect in the case of Africa are hard to find. This study, therefore … Africa. Second, the study investigates the joint effect of economic development and elections on debt servicing in Africa … periods are associated with lower debt servicing in Africa, and (2) economic development is significant in enhancing debt …

, depending on whether it appears in the form of rises in income or in education: A higher income level reduces democracy, whereas … more education leads to both more democracy and more repression. These theoretical findings are corroborated by panel data …

countries. In particular, the relationship between economic growth and air pollution in Africa remains largely unexplored. In … countries. Further, our examination of the effect of democracy on air pollution reveals an insignificant effect for CO2 for both … samples. However, democracy is positively and significantly correlated with PM10 emissions for African countries …

Partnership Agreements between the EU and African countries. Finally, the fifth chapter investigates whether democracy leads to …

measurement of democracy. I proceed in two step. In the first part, I describe the classical approach for producing a measure of … democracy and sketch an alternative approach. The second part provides an overview about existing democracy index …