In this chapter, Kathleen Day and R. Quentin Grafton explore the relationship between the economy and the environment …. Economic growth, once a certain level is achieved, leads to a cleaner environment as the higher income shifts societal … preferences toward a better quality of the environment and at the same time provides the resources to produce such an environment …

We study the implications of the Chinese waste import ban of 2018 on intraEuropean plastic waste trade. Specifically …, we ask if it led to a "waste haven" effect, which would imply that countries with high disposal and recycling costs … started to export more plastic waste to countries with lower costs. We study this question in a gravity difference …

, disposal of waste water, disposal of solid waste and hand washing habits. Results reveal that existing state of these … indicators offer a sort of environment that is prone to a number of serious health risks. For planners and policy makers, the …