data at the macro level have found a positive short-term effect of the pandemic on fertility level in Norway, but women … a marker of the pandemic and apply a regression discontinuity design to compare births of women that were conceived … before the pandemic started with those conceived during the first eight months of the pandemic. The positive effect on women …

This Working Paper presents an analysis into the adequacy of Pakistan’s social protection response to the COVID-19 … protection system in Pakistan. It focuses on Ehsaas Emergency Cash (EEC) as the country’s flagship initiative to attenuate the … economic context of the crisis in Pakistan and describes the country’s social protection landscape. Furthermore, the paper …