Clinicians, ethicists and lawyers have long debated the parameters of triage in response to the inevitable disasters that sporadically overwhelm the health care system. Almost universally, they have advocated for open, transparent and consultative triage protocols, guidelines and legislation to...

Burns and Mitchell (1946, 109) found a recession of “exceptional brevity and moderate amplitude.” I confirm their judgment by examining a variety of high-frequency, aggregate and cross-sectional data. Industrial output fell sharply but rebounded within months. Retail seemed little affected...

I jointly use daily data on deaths and public transportation ridership in San Francisco in 1918-19 to estimate a model in which agents choose their level of economic activity based on perceived infection risk, modeled as a function of current and lagged infections or deaths. Agents' choices in...

In April 2020, due to the introduction of lockdown, consumer demand significantly dropped. A year later, in April 2021, when the epidemiological situation caused ever less concern, the consumption of goods and services increased, almost recovering to the pre-pandemic level: for example, the...

The situation with the coronavirus around the world remains rather complicated during February. This being said, many countries (especially in the EU) are on the cusp of the third wave of the pandemic in the second half of February due to new strains. Many governments extended or even tightened...

The real cash incomes of the population in 2020 decreased by 3.0% compared to 2019, the real disposable cash incomes contracted by 3.5%. Consumption model of Russian people has changed in the wake of the pandemic: the share of expenses on services has decreased to near 2016 level, meanwhile the...

I jointly use daily data on deaths and public transportation ridership in San Francisco in 1918–19 to estimate a model in which agents choose their level of economic activity based on perceived infection risk, modeled as a function of current and lagged infections or deaths. Agents’ choices...

Decisions on public health measures to contain a pandemic are often based on parameters such as expected disease burden and additional mortality due to the pandemic. Both pandemics and nonpharmaceutical interventions to fight pandemics, however, produce economic, social, and medical costs. The...

The rapid spread of COVID-19, firstly in Italy, exerted an impossible pressure on the EU and its Member States. Criticism of the speed of EU’s response to the pandemic, especially with regard to Italy, and signs of a lack of coordination accentuated by an initial “selfish” stance by some...

What protects travel and leisure companies from a global pandemic, such as COVID-19? To answer this question, we investigate data on over 1,200 travel and leisure companies in 52 countries. We consider 80 characteristics, such as company financial ratios, macroeconomic variables, and government...