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transmitted by banknotes and coins is very low. This supports the findings from the scientific community concluding that SARS … account of the change in the circulation of euro banknotes and the use of cash in transactions during the pandemic; and (2) to … assess the survivability of the virus on cash and the potential transmission risks. The pandemic has caused a significant …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012602351
The economic characteristics of the COVID-19 crisis differ from those of previous crises. It is a combination of demand- and supply-side constraints which led to the formation of a monetary overhang that will be unfrozen once the pandemic ends. Monetary policy must take this effect into...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012592174
The coronavirus pandemic triggered strong political action across Europe. Mandatory restrictions to increase social distancing were imposed, commonly known as lockdowns. In some cases, entire countries were virtually locked down for several weeks at a time, contributing to a very severe downturn...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014390569
Using a survey of 5,504 respondents from 22 European countries, we examine preferences regarding cash and cashless payments at the point of sale (POS) during the COVID-19 crisis. Consumers favor cashless transactions when they believe that handling cash presents a higher risk of infection....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013244304
This paper investigates the way in which the COVID-19 pandemic has changed an important aspect of everyday life, viz. how people make payments. The empirical study is based on a survey of over 5,000 respondents from 22 European countries. It shows that consumers who had been making cashless...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013220127
The economic characteristics of the COVID-19 crisis differ from those of previous crises. It is a combination of demand- and supply-side constraints which led to the formation of a monetary overhang that will be unfrozen once the pandemic ends. Monetary policy must take this effect into...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013221202
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013426133
In low-income settings, women are vulnerable to the psychological distress caused by the social and economic impact of large-scale shocks (e.g., pandemics, natural disasters, political). This paper evaluates a randomized over-the-phone counseling intervention aimed at mitigating the mental...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012793121
Special Co-Vid 19 responses have been targeted to the elderly (of whatever age cut-off a politician designates) on the basis that age, itself, constitutes and a unique vulnerability to the disease. This Essay challenges that assumption on the basis of newer epidemiological evidence which I...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012833311
Public health experts have been predicting imminent threat of pandemic influenza. The latest US preparedness plans use the single statistic of case-fatality as the basis to evaluate any new threats. On this basis, Avian flu (H5N1) has been declared the single pandemic threat of concern, such...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014218091