During 2008 and 2009 Australian listed entities raised large amounts of equity capital as the global financial crisis …, seeking additional equity to replace debt as lenders, unwilling to roll-over debt on pre-crisis terms, sharply curtailed the … amount they were willing to lend. Adding to the need for equity raisings were the broader economic impacts of the crisis …

capital markets, since hybrid issues exist and continue existing, this article provides a review of all outstanding equity …: part one provides a brief description of some innovations in capital issuance; the second part provides a review of equity …