We use satellite night lights data to estimate the extent of provincial-level gross domestic product (GDP) manipulation in China and show that firms located in provinces with greater GDP manipulation have higher cost of equity. This effect is significant for local state-owned enterprises (SOEs)...

This book presents methods, data foundation,­ systems, and procedures, for the actual implementation of Basel II. The focus is exclusively on credit risk measurement under the IRB framework. Particularly, the book proposes to assist emerging market banks in delivering a suite of integrated...

This book presents methods, data foundation,­ systems, and procedures, for the actual implementation of Basel II. The focus is exclusively on credit risk measurement under the IRB framework. Particularly, the book proposes to assist emerging market banks in delivering a suite of integrated...

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Prologue -- Part I Equity Capital Prior to Joint-Stock Companies -- 1 Etymology and Legal Concepts -- 2 Equity Shares in Antiquity -- 3 Societas, Usury and Risk -- Part II From Commenda to Joint-Stock Company -- 4 The Evolution of Accounting...