traditional forms of employment; and improving formalization and better tax compliance of digital workers. It concludes by …

In recent years, China's labour market has seen a significant rise of the new forms of employment, which differs in … employment patterns in China, including app-based gig work, micro-task crowdsourcing, prosumer work, and platform outsourcing to …

social security contributions for marginal employment (“mini jobs”) and, second, reduce social security contributions for low … there are already positive shortterm effects on employment, the second reform proposal increases longterm employment by 68 …,900 full-time equivalent units and the ensuing positive effect on employment and productivity is beneficial for the economy …

offer new employment and income-generating opportunities. The platform economy's role in structural change is not yet clear …