activity not only decreases the participation rate by inducing early retirement, but also badly affects the employment rate of … older workers just before early retirement age. Countries with an early retirement age at 60 also have lower employment … significantly affected by the distance from retirement, in addition to age and other relevant variables. We then extend McCall …

activity not only decreases the participation rate by inducing early retirement, but also badly affects the employment rate of … older workers just before early retirement age. Countries with an early retirement age at 60 also have lower employment … significantly affected by the distance from retirement, in addition to age and other relevant variables. We then extend McCall …

, the probability of working after normal retirement age is positively related to living with a spouse only, being healthy … elderly people. We also show that working beyond the normal retirement age has a much stronger negative association with … earnings in urban China than in urban Russia. This is consistent with the facts that the normal retirement age is strictly …

countries, the probability of working after normal retirement age is positively related to living with a spouse only, being … status and the age distribution among elderly people. We also demonstrate that working beyond the normal retirement age has a … that the normal retirement age is strictly enforced in urban China and seniors attempting to work face intensive …