through disability. In general, the low generosity of out-of-work benefits means that positive incentives to work exist for … insurance is basic security, with modest, typically flat-rate, benefits; insurance-based benefits are relatively unimportant … the benefit system, and recent reforms to the out-of-work benefits have involved toughening and extending job …

-kind benefits for the elderly, public health expenditure, and female labor force participation. The estimation results using the … panel data of OECD countries (1980-2013) suggest that LTCI introduction substantially increased the in-kind benefits for the …

and Dutch workers have relatively low working hours. Disability is high, particularly among young individuals. We discuss … different reforms. Where possible we provide an international comparison. We find that inflow into benefits programs responds to …

Previous modelling of the impact of disability on employment has failed to allow for a direct effect rendering some …

Norway in 1992-2003. Special attention is given to early retirement pensiion and disability pension as two major exit routes … disability programs. Incomplete information maximum likelihood method is used in several stages to facilitate the estimation. The … disability insurance scheme. Estimates of the structural parameters of the concealed health process allow for forecasting the …