Understanding the links between increasing foreign competition and domestic employment and job loss -- Evidence from earlier studies -- Inside manufacturing : trends in international trade, employment, and job loss -- Modeling labor market responses to changes in trade and import competition --...

With the steady growth of global value chains (GVCs), each country's trade now has a more complex relationship with the international division of labor. We decompose the employment effects of a country's trade into five components, specifically the labour content (1) in exports, (2) in imports,...

The wave of globalization had started winding since the late 1980's in many countries of the world. This led to a structural change in different sectors of economy in different parts of the world. One of such sectors is external sector which remained closed in many countries specially socialist...