This paper estimates private and social returns to investment in education in Azerbaijan, using the 2015 Azerbaijan … Monitoring Survey for Social Welfare. The private rate of return to education is 6 percent; this is the first estimate of returns … to schooling in Azerbaijan since 1995. The returns to schooling are 6 percent for men and 8 percent for women, even …

This paper uses newly available Chinese micro data to estimate the return to college education for late 20th century … return to education has increased substantially in China, compared to the returns measured in the 1980 s and the early 1990's. …

primary school education from 7 to 8 years. At the same time, the reform did not affect the education system at post …-primary levels, that is the system of secondary and higher education. In result, all education tracks were extended by one year … reform had a negative impact on the hourly earnings of individuals with primary education. …