The objective of the article is to investigate the effects of the stage of integration on convergence in the European Union. The relationships between the selected macroeconomic variables and per capita GDP growth rate are econometrically tested for the period 2004-2018 and three sub-periods:...

We analyze fiscal rules within a Monetary Union in the presence of (i) asymmetric information on member states' potential output and (ii) bail-out among member states. The first-best deficit is contingent on the cycle, that is, on member states' output gap. In the presence of asymmetric...