Productivity growth may be affected particularly for developing countries by international linkages or technology transfer. We evaluate relationships between productivity and FDI, exports, imports and licensing for Turkish manufacturing plants in the apparel, textiles, and motor vehicles...

Theoretical studies have emphasized the role firms play in shaping laws and regulations through political activities. This paper examines whether import-competing firms and exporting firms possess differing levels of political influence by using firm-level data from 27 Eastern European and...