In light of its importance of innovation on the political agenda it is necessary to provide guidance to decision makers … how innovation can effectively be fostered in practice and to disentangle and evaluate the effects of the determinants … suggested by the literature. This thesis focuses on the causal evaluation of three determinants of innovation that can all be …

, and experimental work. All studies deal with the innovation effects of public procurement, that is, the purchase by … governments of goods and services. The idea that public procurement can stimulate innovation originates from the seminal work of … Joseph Schumpeter and Jacob Schmookler, which suggests that innovation is sensible to general demand conditions. However …