Even relatively poor people oppose high rates of redistribution because of the anticipation that they or their children may move up the income ladder. This hypothesis commonly advanced as an explanation of why most democracies do not engage in large-scale expropriation and highly progressive...

Even relatively poor people oppose high rates of redistribution because of the anticipation that they or their children may move up the income ladder. This hypothesis commonly advanced as an explanation of why most democracies do not engage in large-scale expropriation and highly progressive...

This paper uses an Empirical Bayes approach to estimate the conditional mean function of a Poisson regression model, evaluated at counterfactual values of time-invariant unobserved covariates. The application that motivates and illustrates the methods developed herein is the use of deadly force...