Hungary. During the same time period, firms faced increased competition from both new domestic and foreign firms due to the … that employers that discriminate against women may be forced out of the market by competition in the long run, leading to a …-2003. I estimate the effect of variation in various measures of product market competition, including trade variables, on the …

Using linked employer-employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by … plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects we … find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor …

Using linked employer–employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by … plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects we … find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor …

Using linked employer-employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by … plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects we … find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor …

Using linked employer–employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by … plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects we … find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor …

Using linked employer-employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by … plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects …, we find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective …

Using linked employer-employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by … plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects we … find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor …