such a subsidization emanates from the "demonstration effect:" a child's propensity to furnish parents with attention and … transfers to their own parents in order to instill appropriate preferences in their children. This generates a derived demand … downpayments. We argue that parents provide help with downpayments in order to encourage the production of grandchildren, and that …

began, but a lack of resources and policies to protect poor families hampered children’s access to education, especially for … non-compulsory school grades. Different phenomena associated with transition also negatively affected children’s education … focus on education and for monitoring of the schooling progress of children in special family circumstances. …

migrant access to local health and education system a large cohort of migrant children are left-behind in rural villages and … growing up without parental care. This paper examines how parental migration affects children's health and education outcomes …. Using the Rural-Urban Migration Survey in China (RUMiC) data we are able to measure the share of children's lifetime during …

the cohort and provincial variations of elderly parents exposed to the one-child policy in China. Using nationally … square and two-stage least square methods find that more children can enhance elderly parents’ subjective well-being (SWB …In this paper, we test the conventional wisdom in developing countries of 'more children, more happiness' by exploiting …